Finance & cash · CCC

Cash conversion cycle

The number of days between paying for something and being paid for it.

dso + dio − dpo Unit days Usual grain period × entity

01 What it is

Why anyone looks at this number

In one sentence

The number of days between paying for something and being paid for it.

It is the clearest single measure of how much cash your growth will consume. A positive cycle means every extra euro of sales needs funding before it pays you back.

02 The formula

How it is worked out

cash-conversion-cycledefinition
Cash conversion cycle = dso + dio − dpo

grain  : period × entity
unit   : days
source : Receivables, payables and inventory subledgers

All three components must use the same period, the same entities and the same currency treatment. Mixed scope is why a group CCC often fails to equal the sum of its parts.

03 Worked example

The same number, with real inputs

Inputs
DSO61 days
DIO60 days
DPO46 days
Calculation61 + 60 − 46
Result75 days

You fund the business for 75 days. On €50m of revenue that is roughly €10.3m of working capital — and every 10% of growth needs about €1m more.

04 What moves it

Four things that actually change this number

Driver 01

Collections

The DSO component, usually the biggest and the most controllable.

Driver 02

Stock policy

The DIO component, traded against service level.

Driver 03

Supplier terms

The DPO component, traded against price and relationship.

Driver 04

Growth rate

A positive cycle scales with revenue, so fast growth eats cash faster.

05 Where the number lives

The system, the record and the fields

System of recordKey recordFields you need
Receivables, payables and inventory subledgersOpen items and Stock items, at one consistent period end the three component metrics, calculated on the same period and entity scope

All three components must use the same period, the same entities and the same currency treatment. Mixed scope is why a group CCC often fails to equal the sum of its parts.

06 How it goes wrong

Three ways this metric misleads people

Mistake

Treating it as a finance-only metric

The three components are owned by collections, supply chain and procurement, not by the CFO.

Fix: Report it split by component with a named owner against each.
Mistake

Optimising one component in isolation

Stretching suppliers to offset slow collections trades a cheap problem for an expensive one.

Fix: Model the whole cycle before acting on any single part.
Mistake

Period-end window dressing

A payment run delayed over the year end flatters the number for one day.

Fix: Use average balances, not just the closing snapshot.

08 Questions

Frequently asked

Can the cash conversion cycle be negative?

Yes, and it is a powerful position. Retailers and marketplaces often collect from customers before paying suppliers, so growth funds itself instead of consuming cash.

How do I turn days into money?

One day is roughly your annual revenue divided by 365 for the receivables side, and annual COGS divided by 365 for stock and payables. Multiply the days you would save by the relevant daily figure.

One definition, everywhere it is used

SCIKIQ stores this metric once and serves it to every dashboard, board pack and agent that asks.

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